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Past conflicts relate to present and future conflicts in ways that are unknown to those who choose not to learn from the past, and to those who are victims of willful falsification of the past, or victims of censorship. Vital information is defensively powerful, while falsehood is offensively powerful.

Returning to the past as recorded in Conceived in Liberty by Murray Rothbard, 1979:

“The freemen of Philadelphia and Chester sent the Assembly petitions strongly protesting the proposed tax. The petitioners urged the assemblymen to keep “their country free from bondage and slavery, and avoiding such ill methods, as may render themselves and posterity liable thereto.” Heeding these protests, the Assembly proved itself still a stronghold of liberty and ended its session without passing any tax law.”
Page 486

Note the reference quoted as written in the past, where modern times people just say tax is theft.

“The libertarian opposition now contested Markham’s Frame; a separate set of elections were held in 1697 in Philadelphia County, under the old charter of 1683. When the elected councillors and assemblymen presented themselves and were duly rejected, Robert Turner protested the threat to “our ancient rights, liberties, and freedoms,” as well as Quaker domination of the colony’s political affairs. Turner also denounced the tax bill of 1696, and urged that the money seized from its rightful owners “by that unwarrantable, illegal and arbitrary act, be forthwith restored.” He noted that people were coerced into paying the tax by threats and trickery.

“Popular resistance to the reimposition of taxation in 1696 is indicated by the fact that little more than half of the taxes levied were collected. So many citizens refused to pay the tax that an additional law was passed to enforce collection.”

Note the use of the common law terms “unwarrantable,” “arbitrary,” and “restored.” The common law (processed eventually in a Court of Law in a County Court) involves people volunteering to police the police, to regulate the government, to hold people in the government accountable, and that includes what is know as the “sword” which is to present the accused perpetrator in government with a court date for the opportunity afforded to The People to know the facts in that case where someone in the government is accused of a crime. There is no common law principle that gives anyone, least of which anyone in government, immunity from prosecution for crimes perpetrated by the criminal in government.

Back to Pennsylvania as the 1600s turned into the 1700s, which is the start of the American Revolutionary Century.

“Meanwhile, the atmosphere of accelerating statism was reflected in William Penn’s messages to Pennsylvania, in which he ordered the suppression of all trade that violated the navigation laws, and of such immoral businesses as taverns, which were proliferating in Philadelphia. And the structure and mores of Pennsylvania affairs were beginning to take on an uncomfortable resemblance to all the other colonies in America. The “holy experiment” was beginning to fade. Pennsylvania, until now the envy – thus the occasion of hatred – of the other colonies and their royal officials because of its magnetic attractions of individual liberty, peace, and absence of taxation, was now falling into step with its neighbors.”

That is Top Down, Dictatorial, One Anointed Proprietor of a Tax Farm, or Plantation, or Colony, where the Anointed one commands (or attempts to command) a Monopoly of Power and Profit, where the people are considered hereditary property. Note how Free Market Government (common law) works, as people were running like runaway slaves (many were actual slaves) from conditions of slavery to Pennsylvania during the “anarchistic” or “libertarian” decades previous to this usurpation of the common law by an Anointed Proprietor of a Tax Farm. People move from despotism to liberty when that is an afforded option. Those who enslave the slaves in despotism may afford runaway slaves the opportunity to leave (as in “love" your chains or "leave” as in "love it or leave it" ), and then those slaves have in mind a place to go where there is group maintained sanctuary from the slave masters and tax farmers. Pennsylvania grew rapidly when it was a group maintained sanctuary from slave masters and tax farmers.

“In 1696 – the year of the punitive Navigation Act and the creation of the Board of Trade – new trouble came to Pennsylvania, this time in the form of royal officialdom. Edward Randolph was particularly incensed at the individualism rampant in Pennsylvania, so he and Col. Robert Quary, appointed judge of the vice admiralty Court of Pennsylvania, launched a determined assault on the colony’s freedoms. The Tory views of Randolph and Quary recognized no subtle distinctions between quasi-statims of Pennsylvania and the Markham Frame on the one hand, and the libertarian opposition on the other. To these royal officials, all Pennsylvania was a pesthole and Markham the leader of the lawlessness. When in 1698 a justice of the peace issued a writ against Quary’s marshal, forcing him to return gold confiscated from a merchant engaged in illegal trade, Quary wrote to the Board of Trade of Pennsylvania’s “beloved profitable darling, illegal trade.” Quary went on to denounce the Pennsylvanians as “perverse, obstinate and turbulent people, that will not submit to any power or laws but their own….they have so long encouraged and carried on a most pernicious illegal trade...which hath been so advantageous to them, that no ordinary means can make them part with it.”

Note in that message the funding (with stolen loot) of Admiralty Courts, which are fancy names for extortion payment enforcing organizations. If it were the Mob, then an extortion payment enforcer visits the victim. When it is a fake government, the illusion of lawfulness is maintained with criminals in black robes who “degree” guilt upon errant slaves, who have been summarily ordered to obey dictates, which are dictates that must be obeyed without question, there isn’t any means by which the slaves are afforded redress, remedy, in case the dictators start acting exactly like a criminal Mob. Note too, in the message above the bits of words that describe how the people maintain sanctuary with the common law, as a volunteer called a “justice of the peace” issues a writ against a “government” Admiralty Marshal, “forcing” him to return the stolen loot. Here it becomes complex if someone gives authority to the criminals running government, and by that I mean that someone thinks that “because it is the government” that extorts, then it is legal, and because those who get that loot back “are not the government,” it is therefore illegal to force the transfer of loot back to the rightful owner of the stolen loot. How much of someone’s thinking is distorted by a single lie?

“The new threat from the royal officials and courts easily superseded that posed by the Markham Frame to the liberties of Pennsylvania, and tended to bring new factions to the fore. So it it was in the case of Quary’s marshal; David Lloyd led the prosecution and became a popular hero by denouncing admiralty courts as being “greater enemies to the rights and liberties of the people” than ship taxes in the days of Charles I. Lloyd was censured by the Council for his remarks.”

So there is again the stark difference between a Court of Law (common law) and a Court of Admiralty, as explained by someone attempting to preserve freedom, sanctuary from despotism, in Pennsylvania, where even the Indians are peaceful, because the criminals have not yet taken over, and the criminals have not yet farmed enough extortion payments from the farmers to afford Aggressive War for Profit against the French and the Indians, to take whatever is worth stealing from the French and the Indians, just like they are planning on doing in Pennsylvania: Tax Farming.

“In the same year, 1698, the Pennsylvania Assembly courageously passed a law granting accused violators of the Navigation Acts the common-law privileges of trial by jury, this going counter to imperial decisions. William Penn, anxious to continue toadying the Crown in order to keep his proprietary, hastened to veto the law, but in 1699 Quary reported that he was forced for reasons of safety to hold admiralty court sessions forty miles from Philadelphia. Furthermore, Quary complained, no one in Pennsylvania deigned to pay any attention to the decisions and orders of the admiralty court.”

Gone is the principle of affordable justice in a Court of Law, and instead the extorted population of slaves would be charged additional costs for failing to obey the order to pay, so now the slaves have to pay even more extorted loot once they are kidnapped and summarily found guilty of disobedience, as the cost of enslaving them increase, and the slaves have to be transported long distances, distances that are far enough away from the as yet to be subdued location where County Courts of Law would be the norm as handed down from the Ancients in the form of law called the common law.”

Common law, courts of law, the people hold the government to account for crimes perpetrated by fake government, on the one hand, and on the other hand Courts of Admiralty where the Slave Masters justify their extortion, so as to maintain the false front of legitimacy.

“Finally, though, the Randolph-Quary campaign of vilification of Pennsylvania took effect. William Penn was ordered by the Board of Trade to return to Pennsylvania to take charge of the colony, enforce the navigation laws, cooperate with the admiralty courts, remove Markham from the post of lieutenant governor and David Lloyd from the office of attorney general, and establish a militia in the colony. Penn agreed to return, and arrived in December of 1699.”

“From the time of his return, Penn tried his best to placate the Tories. Quary was made attorney general of Pennsylvania, and the marshal of the admiralty court was appointed undersheriff of the colony. But Quary, Randolph, and their allies on the Board of Trade were implacable, and attempted to eliminate all the proprietary and self-governing colones in America. Penn would finally be forced to return to England in late 1701 to fight this enormous extension of imperial control, and he was the main force behind the bill’s defeat.
“Penn carried to Pennsylvania Crown orders to impose Pennsylvania a tyranny, that would be subservient to the Crown. Obediently, Penn vetoed the act for jury trial for Navigation Act violations, and summarily removed from office Markham, David Lloyd, and other leaders of the popular resistance against the Navigation Acts. Not only was Lloyd ousted as attorney general and court clerk; he was also prevented from assuming his elective seat on the Council. An act against illegal trade was also passed. Concessions, already mentioned, were made to Quary and the admiralty courts. Penn moved close to the conditions of the other colonies by levying duties on imports. He did not dare attempt to create a militia, but he did maintain a military watch at the mouth of the Delaware Bay.
Page 492, 493, 494

Common law, trial by the country, trial by jury, representatives of the people, include justices of the peace who issue writs to stop “government overreach,” and to keep the slaves enslaved the slave masters invent Admiralty Courts and other Summary JustUS courts like Equity or now Family.

“The Assembly continued to be the focal point of resistance to Penn and his exactions. It passed a bill to give freemen the right to bring court action against Penn and other government officials, but Penn’s appointed Council buried the measure. The Assembly also favored a bill to repeal the liquor tax, but Penn insisted that the revenue must then be raised by some other form of taxation.”
Page 495

On one side are the people, with their county justices, their sheriffs (not the king’s sheriff, but the county sheriff), their grand jurors (taken from the numbers of county justices), their private prosecutors, and their trial jurors, and their representatives in an assembly that is put in place of the people, by the people, and for the people, and on the other side are all the criminals. When the criminals confess that they are criminals by excusing themselves from prosecution (outlaws), the Assembly attempts to reinstate the common law power to “bring court action against” any criminal, including the so-called Royal Proprietor of a Tax Farm. If members of the government do not exempt themselves from prosecution (confess their criminality) then they too would be of, by, and for the people, under the common law.

Finally from footnotes:
“The Keithians had gone much further, declaring in 1693 that slavery was theft and opposed to the Golden Rule, and warning that it was only moral to buy Negros for the purpose of freeing them.”
Page 495

There it is, something I’ve found to be true a long time ago, the basis of law is voluntary association, as so eloquently expressed in such messages as Mathew 7:12 the so-called Golden Rule.

My next effort soon, will be an attempt to cut and paste a vital message in the same book quoted above, having to do with the fundamental cause of much confusion among the masses today.

Josf-Kelley 8 June 27
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