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New member with a USMC name.

I'd like to shout out to that individual.

Please consider the following:

Source:
Dr. William Whiting and Shays's Rebellion
BY STEPHEN T. RILEY
[americanantiquarian.org]

Message:

APPENDIX
"It is the Duty as well as peculiar previlege of us Who live in these Latter Days, to profit by the Experience of former ages. I therefore beg Leave to Lay before the Convention the following Extract from the antient Roman History;" and to this I am Induced from the Great annalogy there is between the Commonwealth of Rome When those transactions took place, and the present State of the Americans. The following occurrences took place in Rome about Two hundred and fifty years after its first Settlement, and Ten years after having bannished their Kings and formed themselves Into a Commonwealth. Which almost Exactly Corresponds With the time Since the first Settlements began in America and Likewise their Renownceing the authority of the British King.

"It is also Remarkable that the Transactions Related in the following Narrative Took place at the Conclusion of a Sore war Which their Bannished King (having Stirred up their other Ennemies and Joined With them) had for a number of years Carried on against the Romans. Dureing the Course of Which war The Senate and Patritions (a Set of men Very much Resembling our Lawyers and attorneys) had Ingrossed almost all the Power and wealth in the Nation. For Whilst the Lower orders of the people left their Little farms uncultivated and Went into the War to Defend the Commonwealth (and that Without pay as ours have Done) The Senate and Patritions Ingrossed all the advantages to themselves and Left the poor plebeans nothing but Servitude Goals and Stripes as appears by the following Narrative (viz)

"The Soldiers haveing Returned from the field in triumph, had Some Reason to Expect a Remission of their Debts, and to Enjoy that Safety for themselves which they had procured for others. Ho\vever Contrary to their hopes the Courts of Law were opened against them, and the prosecutions of Creditors Revived With more then usual Severity. This soon Excited fresh murmors, and the Senate, Who were Sensible of them, in order to be prepared. Chose Apius Claudius, a man of austere manners, a Strict observer of the Laws, and of unshaken Intripidity, for one of the Consuls the year Ensuing; but, at the Same time, to temper his Severity, they Gave him for a Colleague Servilius a man of an Humane and Gentle Disposision, and as much beloved by the populace as Apius was hateful to them. When the Complaints of the people therefore Came to be Deliberated upon, these two majestrates, as it may be Supposed, were Entirely of opposite opinions, Servilius Commiserating the Distresses of the poor, was for abolishing all Debts, or at Least for Deminishing the Interest upon them. Apius on the other hand, with his usual Severity, Insisted that the laws of his Country Should be inviolably observed, and that Lightening the Loan upon those that owed money Was but throwing it upon those to Whom it was Due. That it would be Encourageing the Extravagant and the Idle at the Expence of the industrious and the frugal; and that Every new Compliance from the Senate would but Encrease the Insolent Demands of the people. The populace being apprized of the different oppinions of their Consuls Concerning their Complaints, Loaded Servilius with Every mark of Gratitude, whilst They Every where persued Apius With threats and Imprecations. They began to assemble afresh, to hold Secret Cabals by night, and to meditate Some new Revolution, When an unlooked Spectacle of Distress Rouzed all their Passions and at once faned their kindled Resentment Into a flame.

"A Roman Soldier who seemed in age. Came to take Refuge in the midst of the people. Loaded With Chains, yet Showing in his air the marks of better Days: he was covered with Rags; his face was pale and Wasted with famine; his beard was long and neglected and his hair in Wild Disorder, Rendered his appearance much more ghastly. He was known however to be a Gallant man, who had often been Valliant in the field, he shewed the Scars Which he had Received in battle, and the marks of Recent Stripes, Which Still Continued bleeding. The Compassion of the multitude was Excited at this Spectacle, but much more when he told them his Story. Having bor'n arms in the Last war his Little patrimony was not only Neglected but the Ennemy had plundered his Substance, and set his house on fire. In this Situation he was forced for Subsistance to Contract Debts, and then oblidged to Sell his Inheritance to discharge them; but a part Still Remaining unpaid, his unfeeling Creditor had Draged him to prison, where he was not only Loaded with chains, but Torn with the Whips of the Executioner, who was ordered to Torment him. This account and his wounds which were Still fresh produced an Instantaneous uproar among the people. They flew to take Vengeance not only on the Cruel Creditor but on the General body of their opressors. Apius had the fortune to Escape by flight. Servilius Laying a Side the marks of Consular Dignity threw himself into the midst of the tumult. Entreated, flatered. Commanded them to patience; Engaged to have their wrongs Redressed by the Senate; promised that he himself would warmly Support their Causes; and in the meantime to Convince them of his good Intentions, made proclamation that no Citizen Should be arrested for Debt untill the Senate Should issue further Directions.

"The Remonstrances of Servilius Served for this time, in Some measure to appease their murmors; and the Senate was going to begin their Deliberations, When word was brought that an army of Volcians were marching Directly towards Rome. This was an Event Which the people had wished with the most ardent Expectation; and they now Resolved to let the nobles see how little the power of the Rich avails when unsupported by the Strength of the multitude. Accordingly when the Levies Came to be made. They unanimously Refused to Inlist, while those Who had been imprisoned for Debt, Showing their chains asked with an insulting Smile, if those were the weapons With Which they were to face their Ennemies.

"Rhome in this State of annarchy Within and of threatened invasion from Without, was upon the Brink of Ruin, When Servilius who as Consul, was to Command the Army, once more Renewed : his Entreaties With the people, not to forsake him in this Exigence, tO Sooth them Still more he Issued a new Edict that no Citizen Should be Imprisoned During the War, and asured them that, upon their Return, they Should have plenary Redress. By these promises, as well as thé affection the people had for his person, he once more prevailed. The people Came in Crouds to Enrole themselves under his Command; he Led them to meet the Ennemy, and gained a Compleat Victory. But of all those who shewed their Courage in the Engagement, the Debtors and former Malcontents were the most Conspicuous. Servilius, to Recompence their bravery, gave them the plunder of the Ennemies Camp, Without Reserving, as was usual, any part of it for the Treasury; and this no doubt was the Cause of Induceing the Sinate upon his Return, to Refuse him the honor of a Tryumph.

"No Sooner were the Terrors of the Ennemy Removed but the former Cruelties were renewed. Apius Still fierce and uncornplying, again authorized the Creditors to Renew their Severity and the- Debtors were Draged to Prison and Insulted as before. Invain Did they Implore the assistance of Servilius, Who Gentle and Wavering had Deputed too much of his Power to Apius. Invain Did they Claini the promises made them by the Senate: for that Body, Deaf to their Cries, saw Debtors persued Even into the forum by their merciless Creditors, and prevented only by the multitude from being draged to Prison. The aproach of an Ennemy Still more numerous then that Which had been Lately Conquered, Retarded the acrimony of their Verigeance. The Sabines The Equi and the Volcians, as if Willing to Second the Views of the people, again made a fierce Eruption, While the people Refused to Inlist untill their Grievances were Removed.

"Things being in this Dangerous Situation, the Senate were oblidged to have Recourse to the usual method of Redress by Creating a Dictator. Apius who had advised the measure, hoped that he would have been Chosen; but the Senate, Sensible that So much power in the hands of one So Violent in the use of that he already had, would be Dangerous, Chose Marius Valerius, an antient Senator one merciful, mild and much Loved by the people, and Decended from their Great Deliverer whose name he Bore. Valerius Who Secretly inclined to the plebian party. Chose Quintus, The brother of their Great Idol Servilius, for his master of the Horse, and assembling the people assured them that if they would follow him freely, their Grievances Should not only be Redressed, but their Fortunes advanced by the Spoils of the Ennemy. He in the mean time freed them from any Immediate Prosecutions from their Creditors, and Commanded them to follow him To the field. There was something So absolute in the office of a Dictator, and it was So much Considered by the people, that they not only Dreaded its Resentment, but Seemed to think its promises binding; They therefore Enroled themselves at his order, and marching against the Ennemy, Quickly Reduced them to Subjection, Such Land, as had been Taken from them being Divided among the Soldiers.

"Upon his Return, The Dictator Requested the Senate to perform what he had So Solemnly pledged his word to obtain; But Apius Still obstinate. Refused to Comply, Reproaching him With a mean Condesention to the multitude, and bringing over a majority of the Senate to his opinion. Valerius therefore finding himself unable to Contend With So powerful a Body, Laid Down his office, alledging that it Was time for an old man of Seventy, to think Rather of Ease then opposision.

"The people were now Inffamed to a Dangerous Degree; they Entered into private Consultations, and formed a plan of separating themselves from masters whose promises were as contemptable as their Tyranny Dreadful. The most Violent measures are to the multitude always the most pleasing, and Some had Even the boldness to talk of killing Such as were obnoxious. The Senate and the Consuls Well knowing the Effects of their fury when they Should be Disbanded Resolved Still to keep them in the field, under pretence that the Ennemy were yet unsubdued, and prepareing for new Invations. In this Exigence the Soldiers were at a Loss how to act; the millitary oath which they had taken upon Listing, forbad their laying Down their arms, or forsaking their Standards; and yet their Recent Injuries forbad their taking the field. They Steered between both Extremes; they Resolved to Quit a City which gave them no protection, and to form a new Establishment without its Limits. They therefore Removed their Ensigns, Changed their Commander, and under the Command of a plebian they Retired to a mountain on the Banks of the River Ario, about three miles from Rome.

End Part 1 (Slug, or ADW, limits the message content to a sound bite, so I have to part this out)

Josf-Kelley 8 Apr 2
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Part II (Real Military vs Fake Government):

"The news of this Desertion filled the City with tumult and confusion; Those who Wished well to the army, made all the attempts they could to Scale the Walls to join it, for the gates were shut by the Senates order. The fathers who had Sons among the mutineers. Reproached their Degeneracy; Wives Lamented the absence of their husbands and all apprehended a Civil war. The Senate was not Less agitated then the Rest. Some were for violent measures and Repeling force by force others were of opinion that Gentle arts were to be used; and that even a Victory over such Enemies would be worse then a Defeat. Atlength therefore it was Resolved to Send a messenger to Entreat the army to Return home and Declare their grievances, promising at the Same time an oblivian of all that had passed. This message was Treated by the army with Disdain; So that the Senate were oblidged to begin afresh to Consult upon the proper Steps to be taken, and whether force or Condecention was the wisest Course to persue. Accordingly,! after Chosing new Consuls, tho not without Difficulty, as none at first would offer for the office. They Entered upon the Deliberation with ah Earnestness Equail to the Importance of the Cause. Menenius Agrippa one of the Wisest and best of the Senators was of opinion that the people were to be Indulged; because the Roman Dominions could neither be Extend nor preserved Without them. The Late Dictator Valerius Seconded his opinion With a warmth unusual to one of his advanced age. He upbraided the Senate With their Duplicity, and urged the necessity of the peoples shareing those advantages Which the Rich were Determined to Engross. Apius on the other hand Still adhereing to his principles. Declaimed with great Violence against making the smallest Concessions to the multitude. He observed that if they granted to the people when Ennemies What they had Refused them when friends, it would be an argument of their fears and not their justice; that the yo^ng patritions and their Clients Were able to Defend the City, Even tho its ungreatful Inhabittants Should Desert it; that the multitude never know where to Stop in their Demands and that Every Concession would be productive of fresh Claims and louder Importunities. The Body of the Senate to whom principly the people were Debtors, only wanted the Speciousness of Such arguments to cover their avarice, those of the younger Sort also who were flattered by the orator, applauded his speach with Indecent Zeal. The Consuls therefore who notwithstanding this show of a Debate, Saw the necessity there was of complying with the people in order to prevent such Violent measures as the Senate were Runing into, for that Day broke up the assembly, at the Same time Intimating to the younger part of the Senate, that if they Did not behave with more moderation for the future, a Law Should be prefered, preventing all under a certain age from being admited into the Senate. This threat Did not want its Efl^ect at their next meeting; where notwithstanding the stedfast opposision of Apius, and the Terrible blow that was about to be given to the fortunes of many of the members, it was Resolved to Enter into a Treaty With the people, and to make them such offers as Should Induce them to Return. Ten Commissioners were accordingly Deputed, at the head of Which were Largius and Valerius Who had been Dictators; and Menenius Agrippa Equally beloved by the Senate and the people. The Dignity and popularity of these ambasenders procured them a Very Respectable Reception among the Soldiers, and a long conference began between them. Largius & Valerius Employed [one word illegible] oratory on the one hand; while Sicinius and Lucius Junius who were the spokesmen of the Soldiery agravated their Distresses With all that masculine Elloquence Which nature Inspires. The Conferrence continued for a Long time When Meninius Agrippa, who had been originally a plebian, a Shrewd man, and one who knew what kind of Elloquence would please the people addressed them with the following Cellebrated fable (viz)

"In times of old when every part of the body could think for itself, and Each had a separate will of its own, they all with Common Consent Resolved to Revolt against the Belley. They knew no Reason they said. Why they Should Toil from morning till night in its Service, While the Belley in the mean time. Lay at its Ease in the midst of them all, and Indolently grew fat upon their Labours; accordingly they agreed to Support it no more, the feet Vowed they would carry it no longer; The hands Vowed they Would feed it no Longer; and the teeth avered they would not chew a morsel of meat tho it should be placed between them. Thus Resolved, they for Some time Shewed their Spirit and Keept their Resolution; but Soon they found that Instead of mortifying the Belley By these means they only undid themselves, they Languished for a while, and perceived When too Late, That it was owing to the Belley that they had Strength to work or Courage to mutiny.

"This fable the application of which is obvious had an Instantaneous Effect upon the people. They Instantaneously cried out that Agrippa Should Lead them Back to Rome, and were making preparations to follow him, when Lucius Junius Withheld them, alledging that tho they were greatfully to acknowledge the kind offirs of the Senate, yet they had no Safeguard for the future against their Resentment and that it was Necessary for the Security of the people to have Certain officers Created annually from among themselves, who should have power to Give Such of them as Should be Injured, Redress, and plead the Cause of the Community.

"The people who are Ever in opinion With the Last Speaker, highly applauded this proposal. Which yet the Commissioners had not power to comply With; They therefore sent to Rome to take the Instructions of the Senate; Who worried with Divisions among themselves, and harrassed with complaints from Without, were Resolved to have peace at Whatever Price it Should be purchased, accordingly and with one Voice They Consented to the Creation of the officers which were Called the tribunes of the people, Apius alone with Vehemence protesting against the measure.

"The tribunes of the people were at first five in number, tho afterward, their body was Increased to five more. They were always annually Ellected by the people, and Gennerally from their own body. They had Power of annuling. They had Power of anuling all Such acts of the Senate as they Considered to Distress upon the people and to Show their readiness to protect the meanest, their Doors Stood open night and day, to Receive Complaints. They at first had their seats placed before the Doors of the Senate House, and being called in they were to Examine Every Decree, annuling it by the word Vito—I forbid it; or confirming it by signing the Letter T which gave it Validity. Their persons were to be Sacred, and tho they were not Distinguished by any of the Ensigns of office which attended the other Majestrates, yet their power was greatly Superior, haveing a Negative Vote upon all the acts of the Senate; This new office being thus Instituted and the Senate passing an Edict abollishing all Debts, and thus all things being adjusted on both sides, the people, after having Sacrifised to the Gods, Returned in Triumph to Rome."

I have no idea if the above rings true, in any sense of the word, except to myself and the authors of those words.

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